Monday, January 7, 2019

Sisters In Law

Book: Sisters in Law: How Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg Went to the Supreme Court and Changed the World
Basic Information : Synopsis : Characters : Expectations : Thoughts : Evaluation : Book Group : New Words : Book References : Good Quotes : Table of Contents : References

Basic Information:
Author: Linda Hirshman
Edition: eBook on Overdrive from the Fresno County Public Library
Publisher: HarperCollins
ISBN: 0062238469 (ISBN13: 9780062238467)
Start Date: October 25, 2018
Read Date: _
390 pages
Genre: History, Biography, Supreme Court
Language Warning: None
Rated Overall: 2 out of 5


History: 2 out of 5
Note: Partial review. Need to finish book.




Synopsis (Caution: Spoiler Alert-Jump to Thoughts):

The book traces the route of the first two female Supreme Court judges-Sandra Day O’Connor and Ruth Bader Gingsburg.

Cast of Characters:



Expectations:
Recommendation: Osher Book club
When: Summer 2018
Date Became Aware of Book: Summer 2018
How come do I want to read this book: Because it was a book club read.
What do I think I will get out of it? I am interested in understanding who Justices Sandra Day O’Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg are. From the title I am hoping to explore the relationship the two had considering one is a liberal and one is a conservative. The title and some of the lead in almost makes it sounds like a legal road trip.


Thoughts:

Hirshman has an annoying habit of being informal in tone such as calling Justice Powell O’Connor’s BFF (Best Friend Forever) or calling Ginsburg “Ruth”. She tries to personalize, but in a lot of ways she detracts from their accomplishments. Hirshman does not take a high road to these women, how are we too?

But she does a good job of showing that decisions by the court are not white tower decisions, but a molding of people’s beliefs, personalities and goals. The right and wrong of a situation is based both on the law, past decisions, and a personal sense of morals. That is why it is important to have people on the court who are able to distinguish all of this and understand how the rightness of a case fits in with precedent and the law.

All through the book, Hirshman makes the comparison that sex discrimination is similar and covered under the same reasoning as racial discrimination. But I do not remember any woman being murdered for being too uppity, except by an irate husband-but we get the same with a jilted woman as well. There is no KKK against women like there was against blacks.


Introduction: Ruffled Collars xi
I am not sure if Hirshman will carry this through, but she is pretty derogatory towards men, particular old men. In describing the Supreme Court judges before Sandra Day O’Connor, she calls them just the Nine Old Men. I believe this sets the tone for the book-men against women.

In what looks like a paraphrase, Hirschman says that O’Connor said that it was okay to be first, ...but you don’t want to be the last.

She points out the O’Connor and Ginsburg are polar opposites in their approach to politics and geography, and probably preferences.

Hirshman points out that O’Connor reflective Reagan’s values while Ginsburg reflected Clinton’s. She then makes a statement which I do not think she backs up-Each one was better off for the other being there. Maybe Hirshman will later on.

She also says that their superficial differences masked the strengths each held in common. Not sure one could say they were superficial. Does the tag liberal and conservative with the values each hold mark as superficial and the only thing which matters is the strength you bring to your gender?

Is it an embarrassment to help another person? Hirshman does not identify if the help offered by a male college was due to O’Connor’s gender or if he was just being helpful. There is the implication it is. But today we seem to assume males are being chauvinistic if they are helping women, when maybe they would offer the same help to a male as well.

Hirshman is more into describing the movement for women's equality than truly telling O’Connor’s and Ginsburg’s story. At least what she conveys. She notes that If...they were the only women worthy of governing, they would have been useless to the movement. At least that is what I take from this statement. Hirshman will more use these two as markers for how the women’s movement is progressing.

I am wondering about a paragraph where she notes that Ginsburg had a friendly correspondence with a person who opposed women’s rights. From the description given, it was a friendly in nature, at least Hirshman uses the phrase friendliest tones to describe the correspondence. From the author’s description it sounds like Ginsburg was just trying to win him over through kindness, rather than a friendship between two people who disagreed-something which is becoming more rare by the day.


Part I Sandra and Ruth Come into Their Own
1 Country Girl, City Kid 3
Love the phrase about O’Connor’s grandmother-i-if her eyes were open, her lips were moving.

From a flat tire incident with O’Connor father and her being late, she learned the value of no excuses. Even in unfair situations, she learned it was better to not make excuses than demand just treatment.

Harry Rathbun-Stanford professor, non-practicing lawyer and engineer. Influence on O’Connor. He had a commitment to better the world, but did not know what a better world would look like. From Hirshman’s comments, he seems a bit weird and light weight as he aged.

Ginsburg model was Robert Cushman who was one of the leading people against McCarthy and his red-scare witch-hunt. In contrast to Rathbun, Cushman was said to have left Ginsburg with a charge to make the world better, with a clear idea of how to make things better. This was through traditional liberal freedom. There is a difference between defending liberal democracy and defending economic privilege.

Wonder how the Swedish courts work-Ginsburg had the opportunity to see them in action. It is from Sweden is where Ginsburg understood that “female privilege” was a tool to hold down women, not to elevate them. I still do not understand this. Such as when Chesterton was against overworking females in factories at the turn of the century, how does this protection translate into holding down females?

Quotes Sarah Grimke about taking their feet off our necks.

Ginsburg understood that legal stereotyping was worse than private behavior.


2 The Lawsuit of Ruth's Dreams 32
Marriage a refuge from the hostile world and an agency in making sure it stayed bad… What a sick way of looking at marriage.

Alice Rossi describes the delima which women have-be assertive and be labeled with unpleasant names or quiet and not amounting to much. Wile this is probably true, there seems to be a third way to accomplish it and that is to be independent. I am thinking of those who established themselves as leaders such as Mother Teresa, Corrie ten Boom, …

How to establish equality: Hirshman shows the two different thought: O’Connor thought that existing law was sufficient, it just needed to be approached in the right way. Ginsburg supported the Equal Rights Amendment but also chipped away at tradition through court cases.


3 Goldwater Girl and Card-Carrying Member of the ACLU 45
Interesting that the ACLU in practice also practiced gender preferences.

Hirshman says that the the right of reproduction infringment goes to the Nazi’s. I understand that the Nazi’s wanted those who they felt were defective not to reproduce. But did they force their “perfect” people to give birth? Hirshman seems to equate the prohibition of abortion to this Nazi practice. I would have said that the having an abortion is closer to the Nazi’s practice than giving birth.

Abortion is based upon privacy (Roe vs Wade) rather than a women’s right to their own body.


Part II Chief Litigator for the Women's Rights Project
4 Act One: Building Women's Equality 69
When a movement is looking at change within society, they look for places where precedent can be made which will affect things in a small way. This way, there is little opposition to the change, paving the way for larger changes.

Hirshman portrays the ACLU has being controllers of process. When someone who does ask for help wants to go a certain way, the ACLU gets rather belligerent. Also they have an attitude of superiority that we are better than you are. At least that is my feeling as I read the book.

Ginsburg quotes Sarah Grimke (The Invention of Wings) by getting your feet off of our necks.


5 Intermission: Abortion 78
Abortion was deemed a right of privacy rather than the right of a woman to be able to use her body as she wished.

Hirshman seems to like calling men names, but bristles when women are called names. Example of the former is she calls the Supreme Court justices old WASPy gentlemen. Then brings religion into things by calling out the Catholic religion of one of them. I wonder how she would do if one of them as an atheist? Or a pagan?

Ginsburg was after equality. Abortion was not part of her strategy.


Part III FWOTSC
9 Sandra O'Connor Raises Arizona 117
Why does Hirshman italicize the word chairman?


10 Welcome Justice O'Connor 126
Stereotyping a person can lead to consequences further down the line. Such as if a nursing school is all women only, then only women will become nurses. But what is the reason behind stereotyping? Isn’t it that there is a tendency for a group of people to act in one way? How do you acknowledge that without restricting the person who is in that class of people but goes against the stereotype? And how do you work with the tendency for a group of people to act in a way and accommodate that? Does the needs of the one out weight the needs of the many? Or the many the one?

O’Connor understood she was a role model and that she would attract attention just by beng there.


11 Women Work for Justice O'Connor 156
Not sure where Hirshman was looking. She said that the case hishon v. king & spalding appears nowhere in the voluminous literature about the Burger Court. When I do a simple Google search on that name, there are several references to it.

Hirshman describes the maneuvering on how opinions are written. A senior person who is on the losing side, may change his vote so that they can assign who will write the opinion. This way an opinion may be written which is less favorable to the outcome than by someone who wholey agrees with the verdict.

The author describes how the O’Connor would vote to get more justices on the side of feminists than if she came out on the liberal side. Hirshman describes O’Connor as someone who voted for change, but not a robust vote for change. She describes O’Connor as being tightfisted with her opinions favoring women.


Part IV Sisters in Law
15 Ginsburg's Feminist Voice 215

Nothing unbalances the balance of power between the sexes like the possibility that a woman can bring a costly and embarrassing lawsuit grounded in sex.

16 The Importance of Being O'Connor and Ginsburg 246
17 Justice O'Connor's Self-Inflicted Wound 255
Part V Absolute Legacy
18 The Great Dissenter 273
19 Notorious R.B.G. 289
20 Our Heroines 298



Evaluation:
Warning: I read about 90% of the book, before I needed to return the book to the library. So this review is based upon a partial reading of Sisters in Law.

This is a type of book which my evaluation depends on what I wanted going into it. I was interested in knowing about Justices Sandra Day O’Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg. While I got some of that, I had the impression the author was more interested in using them as a vehicle to mark the legal battles in obtaining women’s rights. While their stories are tied up with the women’s rights battle, that is only part of who they are and their stories as justices on the Supreme Court. So in that respect, the book is disappointing.

Sisters In Law is more about how the law has operated, but is changing, in a male dominated world. It is not about anything else but that. It does not talk about important cases other than those concerning women’s rights. So if you are interested in something broad in understanding, this is not your book. If you want to see these two justices through a feminist lens, then you probably have found your book.

There are two things which really struck a negative chord in me. First, it seems the author in trying to be light and relevant to today’s reader took away the respect which the Supreme Court and its justices deserve. There are many flippant references to them. And that gets to the second issue. Anything Hirshman dislikes, she dismisses and starts calling names without understanding why the justices may be reasoning the way they are. Such as the justices other than Ginsburg and one Catholic justice are called WASPy. I wonder what Hirshman would react to if O’Connor and Ginsburg were called something like the girls of the Supreme Court?

I do intend to finish the book and my review, at this time, I cannot recommend Sisters in Law.

Note to Gary: Be sure to revise once I have read this.

 
Notes from my book group:
Read the book in our OSHER book club.
The New York Times asks an interesting question: Did Justices O’Connor and Ginsburg really change the world? Or did they make it all the way to the Supreme Court, as the first and second women ever to serve there, because the world had changed?


Is Justice Sandra Day O’Connor noteworthy because she was the first female Supreme Court Justice or is there another reason? If it is because of being the first, why do we honor a person because they are first? I am thinking of two people here. First there is Crispus Attucks. He was the first person who was killed in battle with the British for the cause of freedom-this was during the Boston Massacre. By the way, he was black. The other was Jackie Robinson as the first MLB black player. But he was good enough to get in the Hall of Fame on skill alone, let alone being the first.





  • Why the title of ____?
  • Does this story work as a ___?
  • Did the ending seem fitting? Satisfying?  Predictable?
  • Which character was the most convincing? Least?
    • Which character did you identify with?
    • Which one did you dislike?
  • Every story has a world view. Were you able to identify this story’s world view? What was it? How did it affect the story?
  • In what context was religion talked about in this book?
  • Was there anybody you would consider religious?
    • How did they show it?
    • Was the book overtly religious?
    • How did it affect the books story?
  • Why do you think the author wrote this book?
  • What would you ask the author  if you had a chance?
  • What “take aways” did you have from this book?


New Words:

  • Doughty (Introduction): brave and persistent.
  • Internecine (Introduction): destructive to both sides in a conflict.
  • Apoplectic (chp 4): overcome with anger; extremely indignant
  • Miscegenation (chp 10): the interbreeding of people considered to be of different racial types
Book References:
  • Lazy B: Growing Up on a Cattle Ranch in the American Southeast by Sandra Day O’Connor
  • The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan
  • A Marriage Agreement in the magazine Up from Under by Alix Kates Shulman
  • The Second Shift by Arlie Hochschild
Good Quotes:
  • First Line: Women’s names and titles matter.
  • Last Line: I would suspect that, because the women will relate to their own experiences.
Table of Contents:
  • Introduction: Ruffled Collars xi
  • Part I Sandra and Ruth Come into Their Own
    • 1 Country Girl, City Kid 3
    • 2 The Lawsuit of Ruth's Dreams 32
    • 3 Goldwater Girl and Card-Carrying Member of the ACLU 45
  • Part II Chief Litigator for the Women's Rights Project
    • 4 Act One: Building Women's Equality 69
    • 5 Intermission: Abortion 78
    • 6 Act Two: Equality in Peril 84
    • 7 Act Three: The Stay-at-Home Dad to the Rescue 94
    • 8 Finale: Boys and Girls Together 105
  • Part III FWOTSC
    • 9 Sandra O'Connor Raises Arizona 117
    • 10 Welcome Justice O'Connor 126
    • 11 Women Work for Justice O'Connor 156
    • 12 Queen Sandra's Court 174
    • 13 No Queen's Peace in the Abortion Wars 184
  • Part IV Sisters in Law
    • 14 I'm Ruth, Not Sandra 199
    • 15 Ginsburg's Feminist Voice 215
    • 16 The Importance of Being O'Connor and Ginsburg 246
    • 17 Justice O'Connor's Self-Inflicted Wound 255
  • Part V Absolute Legacy
    • 18 The Great Dissenter 273
    • 19 Notorious R.B.G. 289
    • 20 Our Heroines 298
  • Acknowledgments 303
  • Notes 305
  • Bibliography and Sources 353
  • Index 375


References:
  • Publisher's Web Site for Book
  • Author's Web Site
  • Wikipedia-Book
  • Wikipedia-Author
  • Amazon-Book
  • Amazon-Author
  • GoodReads-Book
  • GoodReads-Author
  • New York Times Review. Good analysis: This would have been a more coherent and satisfying book had she been willing to portray her subjects as I think she actually does understand them: not as sisters yoked together in a common project, but rather as representatives of the different ways that smart, ambitious women navigated life in mid-20th- century America, when social norms and expectations were changing but old patterns still prevailed.
  • NPR Review
  • Lit Lovers
  • LongReads
  • AAUW video chat with linda Hirshman

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